Biblical Concepts Of Accounting And Finance - 811 Words

Faith Essay The acts of accounting and finance date back to the beginnings of recorded history and has evolved over the centuries to become a cornerstone of societies across the globe. Both the Old and New Testament of the Bible discuss the subject of accounting and finance in many scriptures and parables. The biblical concepts taught about accounting and finance are, without fail, applicable to modern business. Without an ethical foundation build upon a biblical foundation accounting and finance practices are bound to fail. This paper will tie biblical concepts to accounting and finance as well highlight the implications of a secularism. Biblical Foundation Accounting serves to ensure that financial information is accurately tracked, managed and reported acorss business as well in the personal lives of people. This was as much a necessary function in biblical times as it is today. Although scandals and fraud have farther reaching impact today, it is not a phomenon of our time. So much is this case that botht he Old and New Testament provide rules for accounting and financial actions. Jesus used parables throughout the new Testament that relate to money and it was one of the topics he spoke the most on. Hagerman (1980) states, â€Å"the Bible points out that financial accounting is necessary to avoid fraud, to monitor agents, and to reduce conflicts over resources† (p. 72). With the Bible providing solid accounting and finance principles, it becomes difficult toShow MoreRelatedAccounting And Finance Represents Two Different Views921 Words   |  4 PagesAccounting and Finance represents two different views. Accounting is the foundation of all business, it can be shared into two methods financial and managerial. (Hicks Hicks, pg. 3) On the other hand, Finance is the discipline that revolves around the allocation of money. (Hicks Hicks, pg. 27) Both these approaches have entirely different connotations and are focused on financial statement , assets, liability, business entities, and additional concepts such as depreciation, units of productionRead MoreAccounting Is An Information And Measurement System Essay867 Words   |  4 PagesAccounting is an information and measurement system that identifies, records, and communicates relevant information about a company’s business activities (Wild, Shaw, Chiappetta, 2013). While the definition o f accounting specifically references the principal applied towards businesses, this can also be true of personal finances. Businesses rely heavily on budgeting, due to the requirement of tracking incoming and outgoing expenses. Without tracking, a company would not be able to know where itRead MoreChristian Doctrine And Practice Of Life And Culture993 Words   |  4 Pagesthose interested in developing higher moral standards in business.† (Friedman and Giladi, 2002) The Bible depicts the use of accounting procedures internally as a way to keep businesses honest their worth. Businesses use financial records, such as Cash Flow, to track transactions made to the government, employees and vendors. Since humans were born to sin, accounting practices are used to keep the owners honest and reduce fraud. â€Å"No accounts were kept with the men to whom the money was paidRead MoreThe Contemporary Business Environment : Kingdom Authority Christian Center1288 Words   |  6 PagesKingdom Authority Christian Center Ken Davis Liberty University The Contemporary Business Environment A contemporary business environment is an approved way, for not-for-profit organizations and government agencies to handle their finances instead of the efficient and effective directives available. A contemporary business environment maximizes the potential of a business, and fully utilizing the resources, in an effort to make the company more profitable. (Hicks, 2010). Kingdom AuthorityRead MoreScholastics : An Analysis1075 Words   |  5 PagesInquiries on the connection amongst accounting and religion or religious establishments are hard to come by (Carmona Ezzamel, 2006). Until as of late, there has just been a modest bunch of academic papers in the region, either from a verifiable point of view or a contemporary edge. Then again, the absence of scholastic enthusiasm for contemplating bookkeeping in religious organizations is somewhat astounding, given the noticeable quality of such establishments in many social orders, both profoundlyRead MoreInformative Speech on Accounting outline1684 Words   |  7 Pagesexpound on what accountants actually ‘do’ in our world/why we need them. Finally, I am going to explain how accounting, as a profession, can be used for the greater glory of God. Rhetorical Purpose: To inform my audience about accounting, as a profession, and how it can be utilized for the greater glory of God. Redemptive Purpose: To inform my audience how the professional vocation of accounting can serve as a platform for promoting honesty, good stewardship, and upright actions. something that GodRead MoreWhat Makes A Good Leader?905 Words   |  4 Pagescharacteristic that makes a very good leader a great (and truly effective) one is when they display authentic leadership. I will discuss two specific methods that characterized my manager’s display of authenticity in his leadership style as an accounting manager: ethics and trust, and other-centeredness (described by Robbins and Judge as, â€Å"socialized charismatic leadership†) (2011). Authentic Leadership through Ethics and Trust What role do ethics and trust play when we determine the effectivenessRead MoreJohnson University : A Private Higher Learning Institution Essay1072 Words   |  5 Pagesgeographic backgrounds. Johnson University’s primary mission is to provide degree programs for students that incorporate Christian values and knowledge into the curriculum. Students are encouraged to learn how to understand and apply scriptural concepts into their everyday lives. Education courses are designed to develop communication skills, enhance appreciation of cultural contexts and provide viable vocational options. The faculty at Johnson University supports the school’s mission throughRead MoreEssay on The Bible And Corporate Finance2064 Words   |  9 Pagesï » ¿ The Bible and Corporate Finance People rarely associate religion with the business world or the finance industry, nor do they think religion can guide the practice.   From a logical standpoint religion and a firms operations do not correlate. From a societal view people see good religious peoples businesses fail while godless industries thrive.   The question usually asked is how does the Bible apply to business world?   The real question should be how could the Bible and God guide me in my professionRead MoreEssay on Financial Faith Integration3499 Words   |  14 Pages Corporate Finance: Integration of Faith Paulette Chapman, Lisa Cooke-Moore, Tori Curley, Janelle Dawkins, and Anthony Donkoh 201230 Summer 2012 BUSI 530-B05 LUO Managerial Finance Liberty University Dr. Halstead July 1, 2012 Abstract This essay will provide a scriptural key to understanding the topics of finance in a Christian worldview perspective. The illustrations will be reflected through the events found in God’s word, providing a greater understanding

Gay Marriage Should Be Legalized Same Sex Marriage

On May 15, 2008, the California Supreme Court made a surprising 4-3 decision to establish a â€Å"constitutional right to marriage for same-sex couples in the state† (Jost, Gay Marriage Showdowns). However, there were people who opposed same-sex couples being allowed to marry and Proposition 8 was soon after introduced. Proposition 8 would be presented on ballots later that year and would amend the state constitution legalizing same-sex marriage and allow only for a man and a woman to be married (Jost, Gay Marriage Showdowns). However, California was not the first state to allow same-sex marriage. In 2003, Massachusetts’ Supreme Judicial Court made a 4-3 decision to legalize same-sex marriage on the merit that there was no constitutional reason adequate enough to deny same-sex couples the same benefits of other married couples (Jost, Gay Marriage Showdowns). In California’s Supreme Court ruling, it was said that being able to marry was a fundamental right in the state’s constitution, straight or not. (Jost, Gay Marriage Showdowns). However, there were 26 states in 2008 who had constitution amendments to prohibit or ban same-sex couples from marrying (Jost, Gay Marriage Showdowns). The voters voted in favor of the proposition, however two lower Federal Courts in California ruled this proposition as â€Å"unconstitutional† (Jost, Gay Marriage). On June 26, 2015, the Supreme Court ruled in a 5-4 vote for same-sex marriage to be legalized nationwide (Sanchez, CNN). This ruling led toShow MoreRelatedWhy Same Sex Marriage Should Be Legal1478 Words   |  6 PagesWhy Same Sex Marriage Shouldn’t be Allowed Why shouldn’t Same Sex Marriage legalized? Number one why would you want more gay couples walking around and getting married? It flat out is just not right at all. No matter if same sex marriage is legal or illegal it will never be okay on any circumstance. Marriage has always been between A Man and Woman not two guys and two girls. Marriage should stay the same, it should not be legalized, they’re just too many wrongs to it and it is not acceptable. TheRead Moreâ€Å"Same-Sex Marriage Should Not Be Legalized† Essay982 Words   |  4 PagesID Number: 2009-5699 Teacher: Emilia Gracia Final Draft: Essay 3. â€Å"Same-Sex Marriage Should Not Be Legalized†. July 18th 2012. Same-Sex Marriage Should Not Be Legalized. As we know, same-sex marriage has been discussed and argued for a long time. Within the controversial topic of gay rights, there’s no area more controversial than same-sex marriage. And all of us ask ourselves if same-sex marriage should be legal or not. But the fact is that we have to start thinking about it asRead MoreEssay about Lets Legalize Gay Marriage872 Words   |  4 PagesLet’s Legalize Gay Marriage Gay marriage is a right. Heterosexual couples are allowed to enjoy all the marriage benefits, so why shouldn’t same-sex couples be able to? Why should other people be able to choose who marries who? If a man and a woman get married, no one seems to care. Gay marriage should be legal because it’s an issue of equal rights, it would save society money, and it will increase the chances for foster children to be adopted into loving families. Same-sex marriage is an issueRead MoreGay Marriage and Its Issues1260 Words   |  6 PagesGay Marriage and its Issues Gay marriage has been an issue for a very long time and since some states are legalizing it, many worry that it would soon be added as an amendment. The topic of gay marriage brings up religious, legal, and many other issues. In Whats wrong with Gay Marriage? by Katha Pollitt, the author supports gay marriage and wants it legalized. She states that there is no problem with gay marriage and its all a matter of separating the church and state. But in â€Å"Gay ‘Marriage’:Read MoreSame Sex Marriage Should Not Be Legalized926 Words   |  4 Pageshave misunderstood the meaning of marriage. Marriage is not just a term to describe relationship that are precious to us, it’s more than just a union of heart and mind; it’s an institution between a man and a women. biblically, marriage is a life time union of a man and a women, primarily for the purpose of building a family and providing a stable environments for that family (1 Corinthian 7:2 16) According to Peter Sprigg, same sex marriage should not be legalized because of its immediate and long-termRead MoreShould Gay Marriage Be Legal?778 Words   |  3 PagesShould Gay Marriage Be Legal? â€Å"†¦I now pronounce you husband and wife†¦Ã¢â‚¬  One would normally hear this when attending a wedding. In tradition marriage has been between one male and one female who love each other. But how would one feel if they heard â€Å"I now pronounce you groom and groom† or how about â€Å"†¦bride and bride...†? In the last 50 years the number of same-sex couples has increased. The on-going argument between the government and the people is â€Å"Should gay marriage be legal?† Although some sayRead MoreShould Gay Marriage Be Legalized?935 Words   |  4 PagesThere is a lot of controversy about gay marriage and whether or not it should be legalized in certain states that haven t yet legalized it. My opinion on this topic is that it should not be legalized for various reasons. My reasons on this have nothing to do with religion because religion shouldn’t have anything to do with their opinion; religion is a biased opinion because of its au thenticity. Another thing that shouldn’t be considered is their opinion that doesn’t have a reasoning behind it likeRead MoreGay Marriage Should Not Be Legal934 Words   |  4 Pages Gay Marriage Should Not Be Legal It’s unfortunate that people have misunderstood the meaning of marriage. Marriage is not just a term to describe relationship that are precious to us, it’s more than just a union of heart and mind; it’s an institution between a man and a woman. Biblically, marriage is a lifetime union of a man and a woman, primarily for the purpose of building a family and providing a stable environment for that family (1 Corinthian 7:2 16) According to Peter Sprigg, same sexRead MoreAgainst Same-Sex-Marriage882 Words   |  4 PagesAgainst Same-Sex Marriage Marriage is the formal relationship between a man and a woman, usually recognized by the law, by which they become husband and wife. In terms of legal recognition and acknowledgement, the majority of states, authorities, and jurisdiction limit marriage to opposite sex couples or two persons of opposite gender. Same sex marriage would weaken the definition and respect for the institution of marriage. When discussing same sex marriage, the true meaning and definition of marriageRead MoreGay Marriage Should Be Legalized938 Words   |  4 Pages Gay marriage is in fact a controversial topic that many people feel strongly about. I believe that gay marriage should be legalized without being penalized by people who disagree with it. I will, within reason, explain to you why gay marriage should be legalized and argue against Karlee’s essay about why gay marriage shouldn’t be legalized. The first thing Karlee talks about in her opposing essay is, â€Å"Children of same-sex couples, biological or not, need both a mother and a father in

Communication Problems Between Men and Women in a Relationship Free Essays

To have a successful relationship, men and women need different skills and abilities which may be very difficult to attain. One of the most important factors to an effective relationship is to have a good communication with your partner. Though it sounds a fairly easy thing to do, most of divorces have been result of lack of communication (Tannen 104). We will write a custom essay sample on Communication Problems Between Men and Women in a Relationship or any similar topic only for you Order Now Men and women fail to understand each other’s requests or suggestions when communicating, is like they speak different languages, like they come from different planets (Gray 9). In Do Men and Women Speak the Same Language? Philip Yancey describes this understanding issue between men and women as a â€Å"vast cultural gap† (82). Communication problems in a relationship between man and woman are due to their different styles of conversation; a woman comprehension is extremely different from that of a man. â€Å"Male/female relationships represent a classic case of cross-cultural communication† (Yancey 82).Even if men and women speak the same language, each of the words they use has different meanings for both of them. When a woman tries to express her thoughts or information she might use exaggeration, metaphors, and generalizations. Most of the time when a woman use exaggeration, the man takes her expressions literally and reacts in a defensive way causing the wom en to feel misunderstood or upset (Gray 61). Every time a woman wants to talk about a topic, she wants to convey something to her partner; she always has a purpose and â€Å"request for support† behind all her expressions.A women needs to communicate with their husbands to feel that there is intimacy and love, but when a woman do not express herself clearly enough they do not get the respond they expect (Tannen 108). Men are often good with â€Å"public speaking†, they can feel very comfortable and confident when talking in front of people, but at home they tend to be the ones who talk the less (Tannen 104). Unlike women, men do not need too much communication to feel a connection with the loved one. Men do not talk about their feelings very often; they avoid those kinds of topics unless they are prepared to say what they think in an organized manner.While women think â€Å"out loud† and say what they think through the â€Å"process of just talking†, a man thinks carefully about what he has heard, h ow he wants to respond and how to say it. This process that occurs in their minds can take minutes or even hours; this is why sometimes they do not respond to the woman early enough causing the women to worry and to feel insecure (Gray 68). . â€Å"When a man is silent it is easy for a woman to imagine the worst† (Gray 68). It is very difficult for a woman to understand why her husband is not talking. She will not know how to react in these situations.What many women do not understand is that a man needs to have a private moment and space where he can think about different things that might be bothering him but that he knows he can take care of them by himself. The man will go to his â€Å"cave† and figure things out; when he has organized his thoughts he will leave the â€Å"cave† and everything will be back to normal (Gray 69). Women do not feel comfortable with this process because they do not just stop talking when they have a particular trouble. In fact â€Å"sometimes women talk for the same reasons that men stop talking† (Gray 70).Between women, if they feel someone is upset they will ask them questions that a woman won’t hesitate to answer. Women will try to help men by asking questions, but when a man is in his â€Å"cave† he doesn’t want anyone to ask him questions; that will bother him even more leading him to say hurtful things that will start an argument (Gray 72-73). If a woman does not understand this behavior she will feel that she is not being helpful and that she is a bad wife; â€Å"women tend to feel approval from others and thereby gain the sense of worth† (Yancey 84).The reason why men and women have different styles of conversation, different ways to look at things and different ways to approach problems is because they grow up in different and opposite environments. Tannen’s study on the way girls and boys communicate themselves at a young age showed that girls wo uld hold conversations based on one topic for certain amount of time; girls tend to tell stories about people or personal experiences. On the contrary, boys would talk about several different topics at the same ime; boys are use to tell jokes, to talk about games and notice random things around them (106). For little girls maintaining a friendship consists in telling each other secrets, sharing their thoughts and stating opinions therefore in a woman there are expectations of finding a husband who can be similar to a best friend, someone she can share all her thoughts with, but most of men do not reach these expectations (Tannen 105). Friendship between boys are based in actions and activities they do together not on talking and sharing thoughts. Since they don’t assume talk is the cement that binds a relationship, men don’t know what kind of talk women want, and they don’t miss it when it isn’t there† (Tannen 105). Boys grow up surrounded with large groups of friends where there is some kind of leader that tells them what to do therefore men act like they do not listen to their wives who in that case represent the leader they do not want to obey. For some men â€Å"being the listener makes them feel one-down, like a child listening to an adult or an employee to a boss† (Tannen 106).For these reasons, women often complain that men do no listen and it may be true in some cases but when a man says he is listening, he actually is (Tannen 106). Men do not make it easy to women to know if they are listening or not, many men just listen but do not reply or they don’t let the women know that they are listening with some kind of sign. Women see this as disrespectful since men do not show interest and she feels ignored. If the men do not care about what she is saying then the women will once again feel worried and upset and she will eventually express herself with exaggerated language (Tannen 107).When men and women argue they easily say things that they may not mean and things that they will regret later. Since women â€Å"think out loud† she does not take time to think before she talks therefore most of the time she might not be proving her point effectively and men will start pointing out her errors or will start judging her. This scene makes women very upset because at the end they realize that the men did not understand what she was trying to say, that their complains where absolutely â€Å"misunderstood and misinterpretedâ€Å"(Gray 60-62).A good relationship is base in good communication and good communications is based in understanding, caring and loving. When a woman know what to do when a man is on the â€Å"cave†, she will show him that he cares for him, that as a wife she understands him and supports him. And when a man realizes when a woman needs more love and attention, he should show his wife that he is willing to please her and to do anything possible to make their relationship work. By improving communication between men and women they can also improve their lives (Gray 285). 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Eva Luna Essay Example For Students

Eva Luna Essay Eva Luna is based on the life of the protagonist of the novel, Eva Luna. Thestory begins with the tale of how Eva Luna was concieved by her mother trying tosave the life of a snake bitten indian. It takes place in an unnamed SouthAmerican country because the characters speak Spanish. Evas mother dies whenshe is only 7 years old and is forced to work as a servant in different houses. One thing she inheirited from her mother was the gift of story telling. Wherevershe would go everyone loved to hear her improvised stories. At the age of 17 sheworked in the house of a Turkish immigrant named Riad Halabi whom she falls inlove with but he is twice her age. She is then forced to move to the city wereshe is reunited with her transexual friend, Mimi. At first Eva works at amilitary warehouse but Mimi insists that Eva make a living from her stories. After an attempted suduction by one of the military generals, Eva decides toquit her job at the warehouse and write stories for a living. Her and Mimi livesuccessful lives without the help of men. Mimi is a well known soap operaactress and Eva writes the plots for them. Along with the story of Eva Luna isthe story of the European immigrant Rolf Carle. He comes from a broken familyand migrates to the South American country and lives with his aunt and uncle inthe countryside. As he gets older he decides he wants to become a journalist andsoon enough he is known as one of the most prominant journalists in the country. Rolf and Eva meet and thier separate stories become one. The important theme inthis book is feminism. None of the females in this story are dependent on anyman and they all seem fine without them. Some men are mentioned and come and gobut the women still move on without them and live thier lives. The only sign ofdependency is Zulema. Zulema becomes dependent on a man she falls in love withbut she undergoes depression and commits suicide. This shows how week it is tobe anti-feminist and how strong and successful it is to be independent. I thinkthis book is mainly aimed towards the adult and mature teen audience. I woulddefinitely recommend this book. However, I enjoyed Allendes House of theSpirits more than this novel. Eva Luna is faster reading than House of theSpirits and the plot is not as extended.

Battle of Marathon in the Persian Wars

Battle of Marathon in the Persian Wars The Battle of Marathon was fought during the Persian Wars (498 BC–448 BC) between Greece and the Persian Empire. Date Using a proleptic Julian calendar, it is believed that the Battle of Marathon was fought on either August or September 12, 490 BC. Armies Commanders Greeks MilitiadesCallimachusArimnestusapprox. 8,000-10,000 men Persians DatisArtaphernes20,000-60,000 men Background In the wake of the Ionian Revolt (499 BC-494 BC), the emperor of the Persian Empire, Darius I, dispatched an army to Greece to punish those city-states that had aided the rebels. Led by Mardonius, this force succeeded in subjugating Thrace and Macedonia in 492 BC. Moving south towards Greece, Mardonius fleet was wrecked off Cape Athos during a massive storm. Losing 300 ships and 20,000 men in the disaster, Mardonius elected to withdraw back towards Asia. Displeased with Mardonius failure, Darius began planning a second expedition for 490 BC after learning of political instability in Athens. Conceived as a purely maritime enterprise, Darius assigned command of the expedition to the Median admiral Datis and the son of the satrap of Sardis, Artaphernes. Sailing with orders to attack Eretria and Athens, the fleet succeeded in sacking and burning their first objective. Moving south, the Persians landed near Marathon, approximately 25 miles north of Athens. Responding to the impending crisis, Athens raised around 9,000 hoplites and dispatched them to Marathon where they blocked the exits from the nearby plain and prevented the enemy from moving inland. They were joined by 1,000 Plataeans and assistance was requested from Sparta. Encamping on the edge of the Plain of Marathon, the Greeks faced a Persian force numbering between 20-60,000. Enveloping the Enemy For five days the armies squared off with little movement. For the Greeks, this inactivity was largely due to a fear of being attacked by the Persian cavalry as they crossed the plain. Finally, the Greek commander, Miltiades, elected to attack after receiving favorable omens. Some sources also indicate that Militiades had learned from Persian deserters that the cavalry was away from the field. Forming his men, Militiades reinforced his wings by weakening his center. This saw the center reduced to ranks four deep while the wings featured men eight deep. This may have been due to the Persians tendency to place inferior troops on their flanks. Moving a brisk pace, possibly a run, the Greeks advanced across the plain towards the Persian camp. Surprised by the Greeks audacity, the Persians rushed to form their lines and inflict damage on the enemy with their archers and slingers. As the armies clashed, the thinner Greek center was quickly pushed back. The historian Herodotus reports that their retreat was disciplined and organized. Pursuing the Greek center, the Persians quickly found themselves flanked on both sides by Militiades strengthened wings which had routed their opposite numbers. Having caught the enemy in a double envelopment, the Greeks began to inflict heavy casualties on the lightly armored Persians. As panic spread in the Persian ranks, their lines began to break and they fled back to their ships. Pursuing the enemy, the Greeks were slowed by their heavy armor, but still managed to capture seven Persian ships. Aftermath Casualties for the Battle of Marathon are generally listed as 203 Greek dead and 6,400 for the Persians. As with most battles from this period, these numbers are suspect. Defeated, the Persians departed from the area and sailed south to attack Athens directly.   Anticipating this, Militiades quickly returned the bulk of the army to the city. Seeing that the opportunity to strike the previously lightly-defended city had passed, the Persians withdrew back to Asia. The Battle of Marathon was the first major victory for the Greeks over the Persians and gave them confidence that they could be defeated. Ten years later the Persians returned and won a victory at Thermopylae before being defeated by the Greeks at Salamis. The Battle of Marathon also gave rise to the legend that the Athenian herald Pheidippides ran from the battlefield to Athens to announce the Greek victory before dropping dead. This legendary run is the basis for the modern track and field event. Herodotus contradicts this legend and states that Pheidippides ran from Athens to Sparta to seek aid before the battle. Selected Sources Battle of MarathonPersian Wars: Battle of Marathon

Valedictorian vs. Salutatorian Whats the Difference

Valedictorian vs. Salutatorian What's the Difference SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips There are lots of reasons to work hard in high school: you gain important knowledge and skills, your grades help you get into great universities, and your dedication can even earn you scholarship money for tuition! But your hard work can also help you become valedictorian or salutatorian, which are awards given to the top two students in your graduating class. But what does it mean to be a valedictorian vs. a salutatorian? Don’t worry: you’ve come to the right place! Not only will we explain what a valedictorian and salutatorian is, we’ll also dig into the similarities and differences between the two awards and what they mean for the college admissions process. What Is a Valedictorian? Let’s start by learning more about becoming a valedictorian. Most schools award the title of valedictorian to the student who graduates with the highest cumulative GPA. So what does that mean exactly? Your cumulative GPA is the average of every final grade that you’ve made throughout high school! Additionally, most schools use a weighted average when ranking students. In other words, grades from AP and IB courses are given extra points to account for the difficulty of the course (which means that instead of a 4.0, you can earn a 5.0 in those classes). So if you have your heart set on becoming valedictorian, you’ll want to make sure you take AP courses- and make great grades in them! Furthermore, valedictorians are usually named during the second semester of senior year, and the award comes with a few special perks. First, the valedictorian usually gets special graduation regalia (also known as graduation attire) to help them stand out from the crowd. This can be a different colored robe, a unique tassel on your mortarboard, or an additional stole, cord, or medal. Each school has a unique set of regalia, but you’ll definitely get some additional swag for your hard work. Second- and more importantly- the valedictorian plays an important role in the graduation ceremony. Unlike most graduates, who will only come on stage to get their diploma, valedictorians usually sit on stage and actually participate in the ceremony itself by giving a speech. (We’ll talk about what that looks like in depth a little later.) Because the valedictorian is the top of the class, they serve as a representative for their classmates, which is a huge honor! Famous Valedictorians If you earn the title of valedictorian, you’ll be in great company! Here are some famous valedictorians you may know: Comedian Weird Al Yankovic (Lynnwood High School, 1975) Actress Jodie Foster (Lycee Francaise, 1980) Model Cindy Crawford (DeKalb High School, 1984) Photo by Sgt. Tracy Ellingsen What Is a Salutatorian? Just like a valedictorian, salutatorians are students who have demonstrated outstanding academic achievement during their four years in high school. Traditionally, the title of salutatorian is given to the second highest-ranking student in a graduating class. Just like the valedictorian, this is determined by a student’s cumulative, weighted GPA. If you want to become your school’s salutatorian, you’ll want to use the same strategy as valedictorians. Not only should you take AP and IB courses, you need to make sure you’re making great grades in them! After all, the higher your cumulative GPA, the more likely you are to become your school’s salutatorian. Furthermore, becoming salutatorian comes with many of the same perks as valedictorian. Like the valedictorian, the salutatorian often gets special graduation regalia to recognize their achievement. These are usually similar to the valedictorian regalia with minor adjustments. For example, if your school gives out special stoles, the stoles may be the same style but different colors! But at the end of the day, the goal is the same: unique regalia helps you stand out from the crowd while honoring your incredible achievement. Additionally, the salutatorian also plays a pivotal role in the graduation ceremony. Like the valedictorian, the salutatorian is tasked with delivering a speech on stage during the ceremony itself. The salutatorian’s speech serves a different purpose than the valedictorian’s speech- which we’ll talk about in the next section!- but it also serves as a special reward for the salutatorian’s hard work. Famous Salutatorians Before we jump into the differences between the valedictorian and salutatorian, check out this list of famous salutatorians you’ll definitely recognize: Carrie Underwood (Checotah High School, 2001) Michelle Obama (Whitney Young High School, 1981) Jimmy Carter (Plains High School, 1942) Photo by Baim Hanif Valedictorian vs. Salutatorian: The Big Differences By now you’ve probably figured out that valedictorians and salutatorians have a lot on common. But they also have a few important differences, too. Let’s take a close look at the unique aspects of each title. The Rankings Of course, the most obvious difference is in the numbers: valedictorians graduate ranked #1 in their class, while salutatorians take the #2 spot. When you’re a high achiever, coming in second might sound like losing. After all, most of us want to be first! But the fact is, there is usually very little mathematical difference between graduating first and graduating second. The difference between becoming valedictorian vs. salutatorian often boils down to hundredths- and sometimes even thousandths!- of a point. That’s why schools reward the top two students, since often there is very little difference between their academic performances! It all boils down to this: graduating as your class' valedictorian or salutatorian is a huge honor and a giant recognition for your hard work! Photo by Kane Reinholdsten The Speeches So if a valedictorian and a salutatorian both graduate at the top of the class, get fancy regalia, and give speeches during the graduation ceremony, what makes the awards different from one another? The biggest distinction between a valedictorian and salutatorian comes in the content of their speeches! The Valedictory Speech The term â€Å"valedictorian† actually comes from the Latin phrase vale dicere, which means to say farewell. In other words, despite coming in first in the rankings, the valedictorian’s speech often comes toward the end of the graduation ceremony. That means the valedictorian’s job is to put a capstone on their classmates’ high school experience. It’s a chance for students to say goodbye to high school while looking forward to their next adventures. Because of that, a valedictory speech often has two parts. The first part looks back at the memories and lessons of high school, and the second part talks about how students can carry what they’ve learned into the future. In other words, think of the valedictorian’s speech as wishing everyone a fond farewell while looking forward to the next step in life’s journey! The Salutatory Speech If the valedictorian’s job is to deliver a farewell address, then the salutatorian’s job is to welcome everyone to the ceremony! (The term â€Å"salutatorian† comes from the word â€Å"salutatory,† which means â€Å"of the nature of a salutation.†) Unlike the valedictorian, who often speaks to their fellow students, the salutatorian speaks on behalf of the graduating class in welcoming friends, family, and other loved ones to the ceremony. They also introduce any other speakers and representatives to the audience. After the official welcome, the salutatorian also has the chance to offer a few remarks to kick off the graduation ceremony. If the valedictorian’s speech about how to take high school’s lessons and experiences into the future, then the salutatorian’s speech is a celebration of the moment. After all, you only graduate from high school once! Photo by Logan Isbell How Does Graduating as a Valedictorian or Salutatorian Affect Applying for Colleges? The short answer is that it doesn’t really affect your application or admissions process since these honors aren’t awarded until the second semester of your senior year. By this point, you’ve already submitted your college applications. In fact, you might have already committed to your dream school if you applied early action! Additionally, even if you can list valedictorian or salutatorian honors on your application, most universities don’t weigh them very heavily in the decision-making process. That’s because it can be hard for admissions counselors to understand what those honors really mean. For example, some schools rely solely on GPA to determine whether someone becomes valedictorian, while other schools use a combination of GPA and extracurricular involvement. Some schools even allow the student body to weigh in by voting on candidates! It’s impossible for every admissions counselor to know the valedictorian and salutatorian criteria for every high school, so it’s easier for them to remove the ranking from consideration. William R. Fitzsimmons, the dean of admissions at Harvard, summed it up best when he told the New York Times, â€Å"I think, [the title of valedictorian is] a bit of an anachronism. This has been a long tradition, but in the world of college admissions, it makes no real difference.† Photo by OakleyOriginals Do All High Schools Have Valedictorians and Salutatorians? Although these are very common awards in American high schools, some schools have decided to treat these titles differently. The â€Å"None Of The Above† Approach In recent years, some high schools have decided to get rid of the titles of â€Å"valedictorian† and â€Å"salutatorian† altogether. Some schools believe that it creates unnecessary competition between students, while others have decided to move away from the titles as a matter of fairness. As Dr. Mary Gruccio, the superintendent of the Cumberland County School District in New Jersey, explains, â€Å"We have had issues in the past where kids have been so close together, within a fraction of a point†¦ [and] in my opinion, it creates a lot of anxiety that does not have to take place." Because the top students in a class are often separated by fractions of a point, removing the titles of valedictorian and salutatorian are a way to ensure fairness and equal recognition of students’ hard work. But that doesn’t mean that because a school doesn’t have valedictorians or salutatorians that they don’t recognize academic achievement! Some schools instead award unique graduation regalia to all students with high grades, while others have switched to the collegiate approach of allowing students to graduate with honors (or cum laude). The â€Å"Multiples† Approach But there are other schools who have swung the opposite direction: instead of abolishing the awards, they have decided to designate multiple valedictorians and salutatorians in each graduating class. Take, for instance, Washington-Lee High School in Arlington, Virginia. In 2015, the school designated 117 valedictorians out of a class of 457 graduates. (The school awarded any student with above a 4.0 the title.) So why would a high school choose to do this? The goal in awarding multiple valedictorians is the same as naming no one the title: fairness. As Winnie Hu writes for The New York Times, school principals believe that recognizing multiple valedictorians â€Å"reduces pressure and competition among students, and is a more equitable way to honor achievement, particularly when No. 1 and No. 5 may be separated by only the smallest fraction of a grade.† Administrators also argue that naming multiple valedictorians prevents grade inflation, since teachers might feel pressured to give bright students better grades to help their chances at scoring one of the top two spots in their graduating class. The Bottom Line Regardless of whether your school has none, one, or tons of valedictorians and salutatorians, remember that the title of valedictorian or salutatorian does not impact your ability to get into your dream school. While the honor is certainly nice, it’s a recognition of a student’s hard work, not a golden ticket into an Ivy League university. So aim for becoming valedictorian or salutatorian because it means something to you, not because you think it will make a difference to an admissions counselor! Your Next Steps So now that you know the differences in a valedictorian vs. a salutatorian, it’s time to get your journey to greatness off on the right foot! Want to graduate with a perfect GPA? Start by getting advice from someone who’s been there, done that. It can be hard to know your real GPA if you’ve taken lots of weighted AP and IB courses. Never fear: our weighted GPA calculator is here to help! AP classes are important, but they only help you if you’re making great grades in them. Get the scoop on how to plan out your AP courses for maximum impact, and get some perspective on how much harder AP courses are than their regular counterparts. Want to build the best possible college application? We can help. PrepScholar Admissions is the world's best admissions consulting service. We combine world-class admissions counselors with our data-driven, proprietary admissions strategies. We've overseen thousands of students get into their top choice schools, from state colleges to the Ivy League. We know what kinds of students colleges want to admit. We want to get you admitted to your dream schools. Learn more about PrepScholar Admissions to maximize your chance of getting in.

Evidenced Based Research Activity Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Evidenced Based Research Activity - Case Study Example From this study it is clear that  sensory domain data showed no overall statistical differences between the two groups, and children in both the treatment and control group, had no dissimilar variation in sensory impairment during the pre-assessment. Secondly, the paired t-test revealed positive, though statistically insignificant enhancements for those children under the treatment group, in terms of sensory impairment, as well as stationery body control. However, there were indications of affirmative and remarkable improvements for children in the treatment group in terms of their locomotion and object manipulation. Nevertheless, children in the control group had minimal and non-statistically significant changes.This paper discusses that  using the Wilcoxon signed rank test, the study revealed that children with down syndrome experienced positive but statistically significant improvements, in terms of their sensory impairment and locomotion domains. On the other hand, children w ith cerebral palsy experienced positive and statistically significant enhancements, in all of the three motor domains. This included stationery body control, movement or locomotion, and object manipulation. Therefore, outcomes improved significantly from pre-intervention, follow-up and then to post intervention, that is why there were no dissimilarities in longitudinal outcomes between children with CP and those with DS.